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Review
. 2001 Sep 15;323(7313):611-5.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.323.7313.611.

DNA microarrays in medical practice

T J Aitman  1
Affiliations
Review

DNA microarrays in medical practice

T J Aitman. BMJ. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Gene expression analysis in two tissue samples using spotted DNA microarray. RNA extracted from samples 1 and 2 is labelled with red or green fluorescent dyes. The dye labelled RNA populations are mixed and hybridised to the microarray, on which has been spotted cDNA from thousands of genes, each spot representing one gene. The RNA from each sample hybridises to each spot in proportion to the level of expression of that gene in the sample. After hybridisation, the red and green fluorescent signal from each spot is determined, and the ratio of red to green reflects the relative expression of each gene in the two samples. For example, the gene TEP1 is shown to be expressed at a higher level in sample 2 than in sample 1. (Adapted with permission from Brown and Botstein4)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Gene expression analysis using oligonucleotide microarray. Up to half a million distinct oligonucleotides are synthesised on the microarray by photolithography and act as probes in individual “features” on the microarray surface. About 30 distinct oligonucleotides, printed as individual features, represent the partial sequence of one gene. Fluorescent labelled cDNA derived from a single test sample is hybridised to the microarray, allowing the expression level of up to 15 000 genes to be measured in the test sample. (Illustration courtesy of Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Genes distinguishing acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The figure shows the 50 genes with the greatest distinction between ALL and AML, the top panel showing genes more highly expressed in ALL and the bottom panel showing genes more highly expressed in AML. Each row corresponds to a gene, with the columns corresponding to expression levels of these genes in different patient samples. Expression levels greater than the mean are red, and those below the mean are blue. The scale indicates standard deviations above or below the mean. (Adapted with permission from Golub et al5)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Kaplan-Meier plots of overall survival of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma at low clinical risk (international prognostic index score 0-2) who are grouped on the basis of their gene expression profiles. Patients' tumours in the upper plot show a germinal centre-like gene expression profile while those in the lower plot show an activated B cell-like profile. (Adapted with permission from Alizadeh et al6)
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