Gastric feeding with erythromycin is equivalent to transpyloric feeding in the critically ill

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether adding erythromycin to a gastric feeding regimen could render it as effective in meeting nutritional needs as transpyloric feeding.

Design: Randomized, controlled study.

Setting: University hospital medical, surgical, and neurologic care intensive care units.

Patients: Critically ill patients, requiring a projected 96 hrs of enteral feeding, who had no specific indication for tube location (gastric or transpyloric). Eighty patients were randomized.

Interventions: Patients were randomized to gastric feeding with erythromycin (200 mg iv) given every 8 hrs or feeding through a transpylorically placed feeding tube. Goal rate and feeding advancement were determined by protocol.

Measurements and main results: During the 96-hr period, the gastric group received 74% of their goal calories and the transpyloric group received 67%. The only day on which gastric feedings were superior was the first study day, where the gastric group attained 55% of their goal, compared with 44% in the transpyloric group. This 1-day difference was the result of an initial failure of tube placement in some subjects. Exclusion of these patients did not change overall results. Nutritional indexes, length of stay in the intensive care unit, ventilator dependence, and survival were not different between the two groups.

Conclusions: Gastric feeding with erythromycin as a prokinetic is equivalent to transpyloric feeding in meeting the nutritional goals of the critically ill.