Ten-year review of hysterectomy morbidity and mortality: can we change direction?

Abstract

The medical records of all women who underwent hysterectomy for benign disease performed between 1986 and 1995 were reviewed to ascertain the incidence of morbidity and mortality of abdominal, vaginal, and laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy at a university teaching hospital. A total of 1940 hysterectomies were performed during this period; 74% of hysterectomies were performed abdominally, 24% vaginally and 2% were laparoscopically assisted. In 80% of the patients uterine leiomyomas, adenomyosis, dysfunctional uterine bleeding or uterine prolapse were the indications for hysterectomy The overall complication rate was 44% for abdominal hysterectomy (AH) and 27.3% for vaginal hysterectomy (VH). An unintended major surgical procedure was required in 3% and 1% of women undergoing AH and VH respectively The rate of return to the operating room for haemostasis was 0.6% for AH and 0.2% for VH. The AH group was four times more likely than the VH group to require surgical intervention (36% versus 9%) at readmission. Vaginal hysterectomy was associated with a lower febrile morbidity and minor complication rate. Prophylactic antibiotics reduced the febrile morbidity for VH and AH by 50% (Student's t-test, p = 0.02) and 40% (Student's t-test, p < 0.001) respectively The overall mortality rate was 1.5 per 1000.