Is the irritable bladder associated with anterior compartment relaxation? A critical look at the 'integral theory of pelvic floor dysfunction'

Abstract

The 'integral theory of pelvic floor dysfunction', first proposed by Petros and Ulmsten in 1990, claims that anterior vaginal wall relaxation is associated with symptoms of urgency, frequency, nocturia and urge incontinence. A retrospective study was designed to test this hypothesis. Imaging data and urodynamic reports from 272 women suffering from symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunction were evaluated. Opening of the retrovesical angle, bladder neck descent, urethral rotation and descent of a cystocele during Valsalva were used to quantify anterior vaginal wall laxity. None of the tested parameters were associated with symptoms and signs of detrusor overactivity On the contrary, patients with higher grades of urethral and bladder descent were less likely to suffer from nocturia and urge incontinence and were less likely to have sensory urgency and detrusor instability diagnosed on urodynamic testing. The findings of this study therefore do not support this hypothesis of the 'integral theory'.