Reproductive genetics: Canadian and European perspectives

Abstract

Unlike medically assisted conception, the issue of the impact on women of reproductive genetic testing has been characterized by the emergence of a more 'relativist' position. This relativist position is grounded in the understanding of the universality of problems arising from human genetics. An analysis of the major reports emanating from different European countries will demonstrate that the discussion regarding the impact of medically assisted conception and reproductive genetic testing on women is often incidental and secondary. There are similarities and differences in the issues raised in the evaluation of both these technologies. Similarities, in their experimental character, the concomitant social pressure, the myth of the perfect child and the increased medicalization. Differences, in the inherent responsibility or guilt accompanying genetic testing, the timing of choices, the possibility of sex selection, the use and control of genetic information, the sense of intergenerational responsibility and the current qualification of such genetic testing as medical and diagnostic as opposed to a technology of 'convenience' as was often the case with the treatment of infertility. In contrast to the European reports, the work of the Canadian Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies has as its primary focus the impact of both these technologies on women, children and society.