[Treatment of spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula by the transvenous approach via the facial and angular route]

Abstract

We report a case of a patient with a spontaneous carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) who was successfully treated by the facial vein approach. This 66-year-old female had a 3-month history of right chemosis and exophthalmos. Angiograms showed a spontaneous right CCF with primary drainage via the superior ophthalmic vein. As both inferior petrosal sinuses were hypoplastic, the transvenous approach could not be used to gain access to the right cavernous sinus. With effort, we were able to traverse the sharp angle at the corner of the angular vein and the superior ophthalmic vein with a microcatheter. Thereafter, it was easily navigated into the right cavernous sinus. Successful placement of Guglielmi detachable coils resulted in complete closure of the fistula. When it is difficult to gain access to the cavernous sinus via the inferior petrosal sinus, the facial vein approach is a useful alternative.