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Review
. 2001 Dec;69(12):7197-204.
doi: 10.1128/IAI.69.12.7197-7204.2001.

Roles of DNA adenine methylation in regulating bacterial gene expression and virulence

D A Low  1 , N J Weyand, M J Mahan
Affiliations
Review

Roles of DNA adenine methylation in regulating bacterial gene expression and virulence

D A Low et al. Infect Immun. 2001 Dec.
No abstract available

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Figures

FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Sequence alignment of selected E. coli Dam homologues. Residues that are identical in all 10 proteins are noted with asterisks. Residues that are identical or similar in 70% of the sequences are boxed in black and gray, respectively. Lowercase letters indicate residues that occur in less than 70% of the listed sequences. Motifs implicated in the binding of S-adenosyl methionine and methyl transfer are labeled with Roman numerals according to the nomenclature of Tran et al. (; also see reference 46). The putative GATC site recognition domain of DpnM, an α family DNA adenine methylase (80), is indicated by TRD. The alignment was created using the PILEUP program of the Genetics Computer Group sequencing package (17). E. chrysanthemi sequences were provided by C.-H. Yang and Noel T. Keen (unpublished data). E.co, Escherichia coli (P00475) (SWISSPROT or GenPept database accession numbers are listed in parentheses); E.ch, Erwinia chrysanthemi; S.ty, Salmonella serovar Typhimurium (P55893); S.ma, Serratia marcescens (P45454); Y.ps, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis YPIII (AF274318); V.ch, Vibrio cholerae O395 (AF274317); H.in, Haemophilus influenzae (P44431); N.me, Neisseria meningitidis (AAD34292); P.gi, Porphyromonas gingivalis (S34414); and S.pn, Streptococcus pneumoniae (P04043).
FIG. 2
FIG. 2
Regulation of Pap pilus expression by DNA methylation patterns. Cooperative binding of Lrp to sites proximal to the papBA pilin promoter blocks transcription, inhibits methylation of GATCprox, and forms the phase-OFF DNA methylation pattern (Pili− state) (90). According to the Pap phase variation model (see the text) (36, 84), transition to the Pili+ state occurs following DNA replication under conditions which induce PapI expression. PapI binds specifically to Lrp, increases the affinity of Lrp for distal pap DNA binding sites, and forms the phase-ON DNA methylation pattern (33, 55, 56).
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