[75-year-old patient with persistent abdominal complaints and vomiting during a cruise]

Abstract

Background: In elderly patients with gallstone disease, a gallstone ileus must be considered for unexplained abdominal pain. This is demonstrated in the following case report.

Case report: A 75-year-old female patient presented with a 72-hour history of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. The patient's abdomen was mildly distended, although soft and nontender with bowel sounds present. Plain radiographs and ultrasound investigation of the abdomen were compatible with small bowel obstruction. To clarify the etiology, an abdominal computed tomography scan was obtained. These examinations disclosed air in the biliary tree, dilated small bowel and an impacted intraluminal abnormality in the terminal ileum compatible with a gallstone. Operative intervention confirmed the presence of a 3 cm obstructing calculus in the terminal ileum that was removed by an enterolithotomy. A two-step cholecystectomy and closure of the cholecystoduodenal fistula were performed 8 weeks later. The patient's recovery was uneventful.

Conclusions: Although rare in a general population, gallstone ileus accounts for 25% of nonstrangulated small bowel obstructions in patients over the age of 65. The radiographic picture and ultrasound of small bowel obstruction and the presence of air in the biliary tree are suggestive for the diagnosis of a gallstone ileus. In our patient, the computed tomography and ultrasound findings confirmed the diagnosis and led to a prompt and directed surgical intervention. In patients with comorbid factors a two-step approach with enterolithotomy in a first and cholecystectomy in a second operation should be the therapeutic strategy of choice.