[Viral respiratory infections as cause of fever in hospitalized aged patients during a winter season]
- PMID: 11794888
- PMCID: PMC7127035
- DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(01)00489-1
[Viral respiratory infections as cause of fever in hospitalized aged patients during a winter season]
Abstract
Purpose: In the geriatric units of the University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 129 cases of fever (38 degrees C or more) were recorded prospectively during the 1995-1996 winter period in a population of 503 hospitalised patients (25.6%), and were investigated for the detection of a viral aetiology.
Methods: In febrile patients, a standard form was used to record clinical and biological parameters, including the results of investigations for respiratory viruses from a nasal swab and dual serum specimens.
Results: A clinical or radiological respiratory infection was found in 69 cases (53.5% of all cases of fever), including 14 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. In comparison to nonviral respiratory infections, the RSV infections were characterised by the prevalence of anorexia (57% vs 20%, P < 0.05) and rhinorrhea (64% vs 5%, P < 0.01). No influenza infection was recorded despite the concomitant circulation of influenza virus in the community. A nosocomial outbreak of RSV infection (nine cases, attack rate of 18.7%) was identified in a long-stay care unit.
Conclusion: This study illustrates the high prevalence (10.9%) of RSV infections in elderly patients with fever during this season and the importance of hygienic measures to control the spread of nosocomial outbreaks.
Propos. – Dans les services de gérontologie clinique du centre hospitalo-universitaire de Saint-Étienne, 129 hyperthermies (fièvre supérieure ou égale à 38 °C) ont été répertoriées de façon prospective chez 503 patients hospitalisés (25,6 %), pendant la saison hivernale 1995–1996, et ont fait l’objet d’investigations systématiques sous l’angle virologique.
Méthodes. – Le bilan de toute hyperthermie comprenait le recueil de données sur une fiche clinique standardisée et des investigations biologiques systématiques dont un écouvillonnage nasal et une double sérologie à la recherche des principaux virus respiratoires.
Résultats. – Une infection respiratoire clinique ou radiologique a été identifiée dans 69 cas (soit 53,5 % des hyperthermies), dont 55 cas (79,7 %) non documentés sous l’angle microbiologique et 14 cas (20,3 %) d’infections à virus respiratoire syncytial. Par comparaison avec les infections respiratoires non virales, les infections à virus respiratoire syncytial ont été caractérisées par la prévalence de l’anorexie (57 % versus 20 %, p < 0,05) et du catarrhe nasal (64 % versus 5 %, p < 0,01). Aucun cas de grippe n’a été détecté malgré la circulation de virus grippaux dans la communauté. Une épidémie nosocomiale à virus respiratoire syncytial (neuf cas, taux d’attaque de 18,7 %) a été identifiée dans un service de long séjour.
Conclusion. – Cette étude montre la forte prévalence (10,9 %) des infections à virus respiratoire syncytial dans les hyperthermies au cours de cette saison et l’importance du respect des règles d’hygiène pour éviter la survenue d’épidémies nosocomiales.
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