[Molecular mechanism of hormone-dependent transcriptional regulation of nuclear receptor]

Abstract

Various actions of steroids, thyroid, vitamin D and retinoic acid are mediated by cognate nuclear hormone receptors. Hormone-liganded receptors bind to hormone response element in transcription regulatory region and homodimerize or heterodimerize with retinoid X receptor and regulate transcription of target genes. Conformational change of nuclear receptor after ligand-binding gives association with coactivators which possess histone acetyltransferase activity and are necessary for hormone-dependent transactivation. In the absence of hormone, corepressors, which associate with histone deacetyltransferase, interact to nuclear hormone receptors and repress the transcription. All these factors have important roles in the signaling of nuclear receptor and may be involved in endocrine dysfunction and disease.