Deoxyribozymes: new activities and new applications

Abstract

DNA in its single-stranded form has the ability to fold into complex three-dimensional structures that serve as highly specific receptors or catalysts. Only protein enzymes and ribozymes are known to be responsible for biological catalysis, but deoxyribozymes with kinetic parameters that rival ribozymes can be created in the laboratory. Some of these engineered DNA catalysts are showing surprising potential as therapeutic agents, which makes them biologically relevant if not biologically derived. If DNA's natural role is strictly genomic, how significant is its innate catalytic prowess? New examples of engineered deoxyribozymes serve as empirical examples of the potential for catalysis by DNA. These results indicate that the true catalytic power of DNA is limited by discovery and not by chemistry.