Brain death impairs coronary endothelial function

Abstract

Background: To characterize the impact of brain death (BD) on endothelial dysfunction after cardiac transplantation we investigated coronary circulation and vasomotor function in a canine model.

Methods: Left ventricular pressure-volume data (conductance catheter) and coronary blood flow (CBF) were monitored continuously. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation after acetylcholine and endothelium-independent vasodilation after sodium nitroprusside were assessed before and 3 hr after BD induction (inflation of a subdural balloon).

Results: BD led to an initial hyperdynamic reaction with significant (P<0.05) increase of CBF. After 3 hr, CBF decreased significantly (P<0.05). Although before BD, application of acetylcholine led to a monophasic vasodilatative response, after BD a short mild vasodilatation was followed by a longer vasoconstriction. Endothelium-independent vasodilatation remained unchanged.

Conclusions: BD affects coronary circulation by two means: (1) impairment of CBF to decrease in parallel in afterload with consecutive hemodynamic deterioration and (2) severe endothelial dysfunction that may be a contributing factor to posttransplant outcome.