Human type 1 estrogen sulfotransferase: catecholestrogen metabolism and potential involvement in cancer promotion

Abstract

Using purified human type 1 estrogen sulfotransferase (hEST1), we show that the best substrate for this enzyme is 2-hydroxy-catecholestrogen. The enzyme also catalyzes the transformation of 4-hydroxy-estrogens and 16-hydroxy-estrogens, but with a lower affinity. We also present evidence to indicate that estrogen sulfotransferase may play a role in processes other than the detoxification and elimination of steroids. Indeed, hEST1 may also be involved in the production of stable precursors for local steroid biosynthesis or in the activation of promutagenic estrogen metabolites into carcinogens.