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Comparative Study
. 2002 Jul 10:2:19.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-2-19.

Avian papillomaviruses: the parrot Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus (PePV) genome has a unique organization of the early protein region and is phylogenetically related to the chaffinch papillomavirus

Ruth Tachezy  1 , Annabel Rector, Marta Havelkova, Elke Wollants, Pierre Fiten, Ghislain Opdenakker, Bennett Jenson, John Sundberg, Marc Van Ranst
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Avian papillomaviruses: the parrot Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus (PePV) genome has a unique organization of the early protein region and is phylogenetically related to the chaffinch papillomavirus

Ruth Tachezy et al. BMC Microbiol. .

Abstract

Background: An avian papillomavirus genome has been cloned from a cutaneous exophytic papilloma from an African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus). The nucleotide sequence, genome organization, and phylogenetic position of the Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus (PePV) were determined. This PePV sequence represents the first complete avian papillomavirus genome defined.

Results: The PePV genome (7304 basepairs) differs from other papillomaviruses, in that it has a unique organization of the early protein region lacking classical E6 and E7 open reading frames. Phylogenetic comparison of the PePV sequence with partial E1 and L1 sequences of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) papillomavirus (FPV) reveals that these two avian papillomaviruses form a monophyletic cluster with a common branch that originates near the unresolved center of the papillomavirus evolutionary tree.

Conclusions: The PePV genome has a unique layout of the early protein region which represents a novel prototypic genomic organization for avian papillomaviruses. The close relationship between PePV and FPV, and between their Psittaciformes and Passeriformes hosts, supports the hypothesis that papillomaviruses have co-evolved and speciated together with their host species throughout evolution.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Nucleotide sequence of the Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus type 1 (PePV), GenBank Accession number AF502599.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Linear representation of the ORFs of the Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus genome. NCR; non-coding region.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Dot plot matrix (Maizel-Lenk plot) aligning PePV with HPV-5 (A), HPV-1 (B), HPV-16 (C), and BPV-1 (D),
Figure 4
Figure 4
Phylogenetic analysis of a 312 amino acid alignment (132 E1 and 180 L1 residues, corresponding to nt. 2015–2410 in HPV-1 E1, and nt. 6292–6831 in HPV-1 L1) of 50 human and animal papillomaviruses. Papillomaviruses included (with their GenBank accession numbers) were FPV (K02019, K02020 and U29669), bovine BPV 1 (NC_001522), BPV 2 (NC_001521), BPV4 (X05817), canine oral COPV (NC_001619), cottontail rabbit CRPV (NC_001541), deer DPV (NC_001523), Equus caballus EcPV (AF498323), European elk EEPV (NC_001524), Felis domesticus FdPV 1 (AF480454), HPV 1 (NC_001356), HPV 3 (NC_001588), HPV 4 (NC_001457), HPV 5 (NC_001531), HPV 6 (NC_000904), HPV 9 (NC_001596), HPV 12 (NC_001577), HPV 13 (NC_001349), HPV 15 (NC_001579), HPV 16 (NC_001526), HPV 17(NC_001580), HPV 18 (NC_001357), HPV 19 (NC_001581), HPV 22 (NC_001681), HPV 23 (NC_001682), HPV 25 (NC_001582), HPV 29 (NC_001685), HPV 35 (X74477), HPV 37 (NC_001687), HPV 44 (NC_001689), HPV 48 (NC_001690), HPV 49 (NC_001591), HPV 50 (NC_001691), HPV 51 (NC_001533), HPV 52 (NC_001592), HPV 53 (NC_001593), HPV 56 (NC_001594), HPV 58 (NC_001443), HPV 60 (NC_001693), HPV 63 (NC_001458), HPV 65 (NC_001459), HPV 68 (X67161), HPV 75 (Y15173), Mastomys natalensis MnPV (NC_001605), Ovine OvPV 1 (NC_001789), OvPV 2 (NC_001790), Psittacus erithacus PePV (AF502599), Canine papillomavirus type 2 CPV2 (unpublished), Phocoena spinipinnis PsPV 1 (NC_003348), Rhesus RhPV 1 (NC_001678), and rabbit oral ROPV (NC_002232).
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References

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