Sorption behaviour of acetochlor, atrazine, carbendazim, diazinon, imidacloprid and isoproturon on Hungarian agricultural soil

Abstract

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the sorption behaviour of six commonly used pesticides (acetochlor, atrazine, carbendazim, diazinon, imidacloprid and isoproturon) on Hungarian brown forest soil with clay alluviation (Luvisol) using the batch equilibrium technique. The sorption isotherms could be described by the Freundlich equation in non-linear form (n < 1) for all compounds, however in case of diazinon using the extended Freundlich equation proved to be a better approach. The adsorption constant related soil organic carbon content (Koc) calculated from Freundlich equation were 314 for acetochlor, 133 for atrazine, 2805 for carbendazim, 1589 for diazinon, 210 for imidacloprid and 174 for isoproturon. The octanol-water partition coefficients (Pow), which can be a useful parameter to predict of adsorption behaviour of a chemical on soil, and dissociation coefficients of these pesticides were calculated based on the chemical structure of them using a computerized expert system. The octanol-water partition coefficients were determined experimentally from high performance liquid chromatographic parameters as well. Good agreement was observed between experimental and the computer expert system estimated data. Computer estimated log Pow values ranged 0.5 and 3.86 for the examined pesticides, with imidacloprid and diazinon being the least and most hydrophobic respectively. Experimentally determined logPow ranged between 0.92 and 3.81 with the same tendency. It can be concluded that the Freundlich adsorption constants (Kf) are slightly related to the octanol-water partition coefficients of investigated chemicals, nevertheless no close correlation could be established because of the influence of further characteristics of solutes and soil.