[Paraneoplastic dermatopolymyositis with mild glomerular lesion nephropathy associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]

Abstract

Introduction: Dermatopolymyositis is an inflammatory disorder of an unknown origin. Twenty to thirty percent cases of this disease are associated with a cancer. Glomerular lesions in dermatopolymyositis are rare.

Exegesis: We describe the case of a patient who presented a dermatopolymyositis together with a glomerulopathy and then a non Hodgkin's lymphoma. A treatment by corticoid and secondary intravenous immune globulins because of corticoid-resistance of the dermatopolymyositis and oesophagus injury led to a significant improvement of the cutaneous signs and of the muscular weakness. This favourable evolution was also determined by the chemotherapy for lymphoma. Nine months after the diagnosis of dermatopolymyositis remission for dermatopolymyositis and lymphoma is obtained. We also noticed a regression of the glomerular signs.

Conclusion: A diagnosis of dermatopolymyositis must lead to a meticulous search for an associated cancer. Data from literature indicate that a cancer is usually discovered within the first year of dermatopolymyositis' diagnosis but it can appear until five years after this diagnosis. The most frequent organs concerned by cancer are ovary and the digestive tract. A meta-analysis showed an incidence-standardised rate for lymphoma important in patients suffering from dermatopolymyositis. The treatment of the cancer can improve the evolution of the dermatopolymyositis. However corticoid must be the first treatment for dermatopolymyositis. In case of corticoid-resistant dermatopolymyositis or dermatopolymyositis involving oesophagus treatment by intravenous immune globulins is justified. At last when a glomerular nephropathy is discovered in such a situation, paraneoplasic glomerulopathy, renal lymphomatous infiltration or another associated immune disease must be called to mind.