An analysis of 11,196 burn admissions and evaluation of conservative management techniques

Abstract

We present an 8-year analysis (1993-2000) of 11,196 burn admissions with an average of 116.6 patients per month. Patients were largely treated by conservative techniques. The mean burn percentage was 50.35. Almost 80% of admissions were in the 16-55 years age group. Paediatric and geriatric burns were 17.1 and 3.1%, respectively. Flame burns accounted for 82.15% of admissions and of these 77.5% were sustained in the kitchen. A total of 35.32% of flame accidents were due to malfunctioning kerosene pressure stove. The overall mortality was 51.80%. These figures need further qualification because 46.8% of patients had more than 50% BSA burns and 50.72% patients reported to the hospital more than 6h after sustaining burns. Patients with <60% BSA burns, and who were received within 6h of injury had a mortality of 23% only. Significantly, 1078/1952 deaths (55.23%) of patients <60% BSA burns took place in first 6 days of admission when 3639 patients with <60% BSA injury were received more than 6h after burn injury. This reflects that even if economic constraints preclude one from having the best infrastructure reasonable mortality rates are still achievable with conservative line of management, even in face of a heavy work load. This also makes one question the cost effectiveness of high cost technology in burn management.