[Avoidable perinatal deaths in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 1999]

Abstract

The perinatal mortality rate is still high in Belo Horizonte. This study investigated all 826 perinatal deaths taking place in 1999, focusing on the possibility of their prevention, using the Wigglesworth classification. The perinatal mortality rate was 20.2 per one thousand births, and the risk of perinatal death was 20 times higher in children with low birthweight. Some 24.6% of the children weighed more than 2,500g, and the main cause of death in this group was asphyxia during labor. The antepartum cause of death contributed to 30% of all deaths, and 25% of these children weighed more than 2,500g. Some deaths occurred out of hospital, and in some cases the mother arrived at hospital in end-stage labor. About 40% of all perinatal deaths or 60% of all early neonatal deaths could have been prevented, suggesting flaws in prenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal care at both the clinical and health-care organizational levels. To intervene in this situation, progress is needed in improving quality of care and ensuring accountability in the specific health services and the health care system as a whole.