Comparative evaluation of eight commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assays and 14 simple assays for detection of antibodies to HIV

Abstract

To evaluate the performance of 22 assays for the detection of antibodies to HIV. Twenty-two assays for the combined detection of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2, were evaluated on the same panel of serum specimens of diverse origin. Eight of the assays were ELISAs and the remaining 14 were simple, assays read visually. The specimen panel consisted of anti-HIV positive and negative samples from Africa (n=192), Europe (n=206), Asia (n=99) and Latin America (n=98). In addition to estimations of sensitivity and specificity, the assays were assessed, using a novel scoring system, for their ease of performance and for their suitability for use in small laboratories and clinics. The sensitivities of the assays in terms of seroconversion were assessed using series of specimens collected from nine individuals undergoing seroconversion. Eight ELISAs and eight of 14 simple assays had sensitivities and specificities of >99 and 95%, respectively. The results of these evaluations will be of assistance to those responsible for the selection of appropriate anti-HIV assays according to laboratory circumstances, the purpose of the testing and the population being tested.