The Quebec classification and a new Swedish classification for whiplash-associated disorders in relation to life satisfaction in patients at high risk of chronic functional impairment and disability

Abstract

Unlike the Quebec classification system, which is based primarily on pathoanatomy, a new Swedish classification system is based on the site of functional impairment and disability. A prospective study was performed on 85 patients with whiplash-associated disorders grade II according to the Quebec classification. The patients were examined 3-36 months following trauma. A team of professionals with different training performed the diagnostic procedure. An independent assessor classified these patients according to a Swedish classification system. All patients answered questionnaire regarding life satisfaction. Logistic regression demonstrated significant differences in 6 of 10 specific dimensions of life satisfaction between the classification categories C and D (presence of arm symptoms) in a Swedish classification. Patients with whiplash-associated disorders grade II and neuropsychological symptoms seem to have a worse prognosis for spontaneous recovery than those without. A new Swedish classification system seems to be an important complement to the Quebec classification.