Pure partial trisomy 7q: two new patients and review

Abstract

We report on two new cases with a pure partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 7. Patient 1 was a female who showed cleft palate with retrognathia, cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary hypertension. Patient 2 was a male who showed microretrognathia, cleft palate, micropenis, camptodactyly, and clynodactyly. High-resolution G-bands (550-850) karyotype showed that patient 1 had an extra chromosome, which resulted from the adjacent 3:1 segregation from a maternal balanced reciprocal translocation, and patient 2 had an abnormaly Y chromosome. Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis with a whole chromosome painting confirmed in the first patient that the extra chromosome was from chromosome 7, and in patient 2 the abnormal Y chromosome had extra material of chromosome 7 origin. Three different clinical entities have been described as the product of the partial trisomy of three different 7q regions, although some authors have found no karyotype-phenotype correlations. Of the patients presented here, patient 1 had trisomy of those three regions, and patient 2 had trisomy of two of those regions.