Diabetes and eating disorders in primary care

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between diabetes and eating disorders among primary care patients.

Method: Data on 3,000 patients were obtained from eight primary care and family practice settings, including the PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), self-reported physical illness, and social functioning information. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between diabetes and eating disorders.

Results: Diabetes was associated with an increased likelihood of eating disorders [OR = 2.3 (1.4, 3.9)], after adjusting for differences in demographic characteristics and comorbid mental disorders. This effect was specific to diabetes. Eating disorder was the only mental disorder associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes, odds ratio (OR) = 2.4 (1.4, 4.0), after adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbid mental and physical disorders. Patients with both diabetes and eating disorders had significantly higher levels of comorbid anxiety, panic attacks, and alcohol use disorders, compared with those with one but not both.

Discussion: Consistent with reports from community-based samples, these data suggest that diabetes may be associated with an increased likelihood of eating disorders among patients in primary care. Clinicians who treat patients with diabetes, a common condition in primary care, should screen for eating disorders. In addition, patients with eating disorders may be at risk for the development of diabetes. Further work is needed to determine the generalizability of these findings and to understand the mechanism of this association.