Autologous concentrated platelet-rich plasma (cPRP) for local application in bone regeneration

Abstract

Platelets are rich in growth factors that may contribute to an accelerated tissue regeneration process. The therapeutic osteogenic effect of local platelet administration probably depends on the amount of growth factors delivered within. To improve platelet-derived factor preparations, the platelets have to be concentrated without loss of the granular growth factor load. An autologous procedure according to the Good Manufacture Practice (GMP) guidelines to prepare a high concentrate from platelet-rich plasma (cPRP) for clinical application in bone regeneration is presented. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was generated from the centrifugation supernatant of 250 ml anticoagulated autologous blood. The PRP was then further centrifuged at the day of operation to generate concentrated PRP (cPRP) in 8 ml plasma. The data from 34 patients (9 m, 25 f), ageing from 21 to 71 years (median 50.4) were evaluated. Both, the platelet counts as well as the TGF-beta1 concentrations in the cPRP were found to be 12-fold increased compared to the PRP values. Overall, a 17-fold increase in platelet concentrations was achieved compared to the patients' whole bloods and platelet counts correlated with increased levels of TGF-beta1 within the cPRP. These results give rise to quality control specifications for a safe and cost effective preparation of cPRP. The method has proven to be suitable for blood services to support the needs for treatment in oral and maxillofacial surgery.