Urinary symptoms, quality of life and sexual function in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy before and after prostatectomy: a prospective study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate urinary symptoms, sexual dysfunction and quality of life in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) before and after open prostatectomy, using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the International Continence Society (ICS)-"BPH" (ICS-male, ICS-sex and ICS-QoL) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaires.

Patients and methods: Sixty men with BPH (mean age 68 years) underwent a digital rectal examination, transurethral ultrasonography, measurement of total prostatic specific antigen serum level and uroflowmetry. Their urinary symptoms, sexual function and quality of life were fully evaluated using the IPSS, ICS-"BPH" and IIEF before and 6 months after suprapubic prostatectomy. The body mass index (BMI) was also calculated for each patient. Univariate analysis was used to examine the relationship between symptom scores and age, tobacco use, alcohol intake and BMI.

Results: In a univariate analysis, age was the most important prognostic factor for both urinary and sexual symptoms. Prostatectomy resulted in a significant improvement in obstructive (mean 9.68 to 3.38) and irritative symptom (6.70 to 3.06), and quality-of-life scores (3.41 to 1.34). ICS-male scores were both significantly decreased, the mean voiding score from 13.72 to 10.28 and the incontinence score from 10.43 to 7.81. There was also a significant decrease in the ICS-QoL symptom score (from 9.20 to 7.27). Comparative results between IIEF and ICS-sex showed no improvement in sexual scores after open surgery, but there was a significant increase in sexual desire and overall satisfaction (both P = 0.035).

Conclusions: The combined use of the IPSS, ICS-"BPH" and IIEF allows an evaluation of the relationship between age, prostatic symptoms and sexual dysfunction. Age may be considered both a direct and indirect (BPH-related) prognostic factor for sexual activity. Suprapubic prostatectomy resolves obstructive symptoms, and maintains sexual desire, overall sexual satisfaction and an improvement in quality of life. However, irritative symptoms, erection, orgasm and sexual intercourse satisfaction are not significantly altered.