Fulfilling the promise: drug discovery in the post-genomic era

Abstract

The genomic era has brought with it a basic change in experimentation, enabling researchers to look more comprehensively at biological systems. The sequencing of the human genome coupled with advances in automation and parallelization technologies have afforded a fundamental transformation in the drug target discovery paradigm, towards systematic whole genome and proteome analyses. In conjunction with novel proteomic techniques, genome-wide annotation of function in cellular models is possible. Overlaying data derived from whole genome sequence, expression and functional analysis will facilitate the identification of causal genes in disease and significantly streamline the target validation process. Moreover, several parallel technological advances in small molecule screening have resulted in the development of expeditious and powerful platforms for elucidating inhibitors of protein or pathway function. Conversely, high-throughput and automated systems are currently being used to identify targets of orphan small molecules. The consolidation of these emerging functional genomics and drug discovery technologies promises to reap the fruits of the genomic revolution.