[Poststroke depression: risk factors and effects on the course of the stroke]

Abstract

The incidence of poststroke depression (PSD) varies between 20% and 25% as a major variant and an additional 10% and 20% as a minor variant. Its prevalence peaks 3-6 months after stroke onset. In nearly a quarter of all PSD patients, depressive symptoms persist over at least 2 years.Several longitudinal studies have identified different factors which may increase the risk of PSD. Most probably, the severity of the neurological deficit, female gender, history of previous psychiatric disorders, and bad social living conditions increase the risk of PSD. It is uncertain whether lesion location or size modulate PSD risk. Increasing age is not associated with a higher PSD incidence. In contrast, it is obvious that PSD is associated with less favorable outcome and higher mortality. The degree of disability and quality of life are significantly reduced in PSD patients. In conclusion, PSD is presently a not predictable complication of ischemic stroke which is significantly associated with less favorable outcome.Early diagnosis and adequate therapy are still necessary in stroke rehabilitation.