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Comment
. 2003 Mar;111(5):602-5.
doi: 10.1172/JCI18016.

Nephrolithiasis: site of the initial solid phase

David A Bushinsky  1
Affiliations
Comment

Nephrolithiasis: site of the initial solid phase

David A Bushinsky. J Clin Invest. 2003 Mar.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Stone formation in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria. Initial calcium phosphate (apatite) crystallization was found in the basement membrane of the thin limbs of the loop of Henle (A) with subsequent extension to the vasa recta (B), then to the interstitial tissue surrounding the terminal (inner medullary) collecting ducts (C), and finally, in the most severe cases, extension to the papillae (D). Erosion of this solid phase into the urinary space (E), which is supersaturated with respect to calcium oxalate (CaOx), may have promoted heterogeneous nucleation and formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones (F).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Stone formation in patients following intestinal bypass. Initial calcium phosphate (apatite) crystallization was found within the tubule lumens of the terminal collecting ducts (A and B). Contact with the urine, supersaturated with respect to calcium oxalate, may have promoted heterogeneous nucleation and formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones (C).
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References

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    1. Lieske JC, Toback FG. Renal cell-urinary crystal interactions. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2000;9:349–355. - PubMed

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