Value of routine long bone radiographs in management of babies with a positive VDRL at the Mount Hope Women's Hospital

Abstract

This retrospective study examined the records of 44 mothers and 44 babies with a positive blood VDRL test and/or who showed symptoms of congenital syphilis at the Mount Hope Women's Hospital (MHWH), Trinidad, between June 1, 1996 and September 30, 1998. Long bone radiographs of 40/44 (91%) babies were assessed independently by two radiologists for signs of congenital syphilis and the data were analysed using frequency tables. Of the 44 mothers in the study, 34 (77%) were VDRL positive and the rest were either negative or unknown. Maternal age ranged from 14 to 39 years and most (92%) had antenatal care. Fourteen of the 34 (41%) VDRL positive mothers received treatment antenatally. All mothers were asymptomatic and none had any clinical features of syphilis. In 35/44 babies, the VDRL test was positive and in nine, the test was either negative or unknown. Twenty-six of the babies had signs suggestive of congenital syphilis and in 12, (46%) long bone radiographs revealed changes compatible with the diagnosis of congenital syphilis. Radiographic abnormalities were present only in infants with VDRL titres > 1:8.