Influence of humic substances on the removal of pentachlorophenol by a biomimetic catalytic system with a water-soluble iron(III)-porphyrin complex

Abstract

To investigate some basic aspects of soil remediation using biomimetic catalysts, the effects of humic substances (HSs) on the removal of xenobiotics, such as pentachlorophenol (PCP), were investigated. The use of a biomimetic catalytic system using tetra(p-sulfophenyl)porphine-iron(III) (Fe(III)-TPPS) and potassium monopersulfate (KHSO5) resulted in the disappearance of PCP, accompanied by dechlorination. In addition, this process was enhanced by the presence of several types of HSs. The degrees of enhancement (% delta(PCP)60) achieved by the presence of HSs from peat and compost soils were larger than those in the presence of other types of HSs (tropical peat, brown forest, and ando soils). In control experiments, no PCP disappearance and dechlorination were observed in the presence of only KHSO5, only Fe(III)-TPPS, or combinations of HSs and either KHSO5 or Fe(III)-TPPS. To better understand the role of added HS in enhancing or inhibiting PCP disappearance, correlations between the chemical parameters of the HSs and % delta(PCP)60 were investigated. The most effective HSs had lower carboxylic acid contents and lower degrees of unsaturation. The carboxylic acid content and degree of unsaturation increase with the extent of humification. Therefore, HSs of a lower degree of humification would be predicted to be more useful in enhancing the disappearance of PCP in an Fe(III)-TPPS/KHSO5 system.