[Phalloidian toxins]

Abstract

The phalloidian toxins are very complex. The classification proposed by Wieland distinguishes between the various amatoxins and phallotoxins. The authors study successively: Methods of isolation, the general structure and chemical composition, their localization and concentration in mushrooms. This is an analytical study of the phallotoxins and amadoxins. Various experimental intoxication protocols using total extracts of the toxins purified with different doses and different animals have revealed the main signs of experimental intoxication with phallotoxins. This is characterized especially by hepatic and renal lesions. The phallotoxins have a more specific action on the cell membrane and metabolism. The amatoxins have a more specific action on the cell nucleus and protein synthesis. The action on DNA dependent RNA polymerases is particularly characteristic.