Weekly high-dose cisplatin is a feasible treatment option: analysis on prognostic factors for toxicity in 400 patients

Abstract

In the present study we describe the toxicity of weekly high-dose (70-85 mg x m(-2)) cisplatin in 400 patients (203 men, 197 women; median age 54 years) with advanced solid tumours treated in the period 1990-2001 who took part in phase I/II trials, investigating the feasibility and efficacy of weekly cisplatin alone, or in combination with paclitaxel or etoposide. Cisplatin was administered in 250 ml NaCl 3% over 3 h, for six intended administrations. The mean number of administrations was 5.3 (range, 1-6 administrations). Reasons not to complete six cycles were disease progression (7.5%), haematological toxicity (9%), nephrotoxicity (7%), ototoxicity (2.5%), neurotoxicity (1%), gastrointestinal toxicity (1%), cardiovascular complications (0.5%) or a combination of reasons including noncompliance and patient's request (5.5%). Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate baseline parameters for prognostic value regarding toxicity. Leukopenia correlated with etoposide cotreatment, and thrombocytopenia with cisplatin dose and prior (platinum-based) chemotherapy. Risk factors for nephrotoxicity were older age, female gender, smoking, hypoalbuminaemia and paclitaxel coadministration. Neurotoxicity >grade 1 (11% of patients) was associated with prior chemotherapy and paclitaxel coadministration. Symptomatic hearing loss occurred in 15% with anaemia as the predisposing factor. We conclude that weekly high-dose cisplatin administered in hypertonic saline is a feasible treatment regimen.