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. 2003 Apr;9(4):483-4.
doi: 10.3201/eid0904.020421.

Early-season avian deaths from West Nile virus as warnings of human infection

Stephen C Guptill  1 , Kathleen G Julian, Grant L Campbell, Susan D Price, Anthony A Marfin
Affiliations

Early-season avian deaths from West Nile virus as warnings of human infection

Stephen C Guptill et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Apr.

Abstract

An analysis of 2001 and 2002 West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance data shows that counties that report WNV-infected dead birds early in the transmission season are more likely to report subsequent WNV disease cases in humans than are counties that do not report early WNV-infected dead birds.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Counties reporting avian deaths and human illness caused by West Nile virus (WNV), January 1–December 31, 2001. Counties reporting human illness are outlined in red. The color within the county indicates the date when the first avian death from WNV was reported in that county. Counties that report dead birds early in the year are more likely to report subsequent disease cases in humans.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Counties reporting avian deaths and human meningitis/encephalitis caused by West Nile virus (WNV), January 1–November 30, 2002. Counties reporting human illness are outlined in red. The color within the county indicates the date when the first avian death from WNV was reported in that county. Counties that report dead birds early in the year are more likely to report subsequent disease cases in humans
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