Dental implants and onlay bone grafts in the anterior maxilla: analysis of clinical outcome

Abstract

Purpose: Loss of alveolar bone in the anterior maxilla may preclude implant placement or compromise positioning and thus diminish the final esthetic result of the restoration. Bone augmentation can overcome such difficulties but may affect osseointegration. The aim of this study was to report the outcome of buccal onlay bone grafting in the anterior maxilla in routine dental implant practice.

Materials and methods: Seventeen consecutive patients (12 men and 5 women, mean age 31.4 years) received autogenous bone grafts from the mandibular symphysis to the anterior maxilla. A total of 35 Brånemark System MK II implants were placed in grafted bone.

Results: Fifteen patients had a mean period of graft consolidation of 19.7 weeks (range 13 to 32 weeks). Two patients had simultaneous graft and implant placement; 1 implant failed to Integrate in this group. This represents a survival rate of 97.1% of implants in functional loading after a mean follow-up period of 153.6 weeks from occlusal loading (range 74 to 283 weeks).

Discussion and conclusion: Mandibular block onlay grafts appear to be a predictable method for augmenting the width of the anterior maxilla prior to implant placement.