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Review
. 2003 Mar;17(2):178-83.
doi: 10.1046/j.1468-3083.2003.00681.x.

Apoptosis in HIV-1 infection

D J Bell  1 , D H Dockrell
Affiliations
Review

Apoptosis in HIV-1 infection

D J Bell et al. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2003 Mar.

Abstract

Apoptosis is a key event in biologic homeostasis with particular importance to the immune system. It is an active energy-dependent process that is tightly regulated and controlled by a variety of signal transduction pathways. Apoptosis modulation plays a part in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including HIV infection. Although multiple mechanisms may contribute to the decline in CD4 T-lymphocyte numbers observed, apoptosis is a significant factor. Alterations in levels of apoptosis are observed in both directly infected and uninfected bystander cells and a variety of pathways of apoptosis induction have been implicated. Apoptosis induction is related to death receptor and mitochondrial-induced pathways in specific circumstances. These events have been linked to individual HIV proteins and have been demonstrated to be altered by antiretroviral therapy.

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