Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy: a review of the literature with latest management and outcome data

Abstract

This article is a review of information on the subject of anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy or amniotic fluid embolism, as it is more commonly known. Information was found through a computer search of English articles published from 1958 to 2001. Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy has an 80% to 90% mortality rate. It is difficult to diagnose, and once symptoms occur, there is a rapid deterioration in the patient's condition. It has severe manifestations such as shock and coagulopathy. Identification of the exact mechanism and pathophysiology that trigger the syndrome continue to be investigated. Recognition of the event, swift and aggressive treatment, and education of those who provide care in the obstetrical setting give promise of greater survival potential. Although mortality remains high, there are reports of survivors.