[A nested case-control study on child sensory integrative dysfunction]

Abstract

Objective: To explore risk factors and protective factors of sensory integrative dysfunction (SID) among preschool and school children in Beijing, and to identify potential risk factors of SID.

Methods: Three hundred and ten kindergarten children were investigated twice in 1993 and 1999 by "The Child Sensory Integration Check List" and "General Information Questionnaire". A nested case-control study was carried out by single variable and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis to find out the risk factors of SID.

Results: In the SID incidence group, the risk factors of SID were edema during pregnancy (OR = 7.06), paternal age (OR = 1.28), suffering from diseases before 3 years old (OR = 1.13), while the protective factor was family support network during school age (OR = 0.54). In the SID self-recovery group, the risk factors of SID were suspected attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among maternal cousins (OR = 3.02), social ethos (OR = 1.69), consistency of parental discipline (OR = 1.45), while the protective factors were living condition and environment for entertainment (OR = 0.37), parental care during school age. In the SID negative group, the risk factors of SID were maternal contracted pelvis (OR = 3.45), less chance in enjoying audio and video entertainment during school age (OR = 1.98), suspected ADHD among paternal cousins (OR = 1.89), consistency of parental discipline (OR = 1.75), suspected ADHD among maternal cousins (OR = 1.48), paternal occupation during school age (OR = 1.19), while the protective factors were family support network (OR = 0.56) and maternal educational background (OR = 0.38) during preschool age.

Conclusion: Our data showed that the risk factors of child SID were mainly associated with biological and genetic factors. Psychosocial factors seemed to be the secondary risk factors of SID.