[Recent trends in the therapy of hepatitis C]

Abstract

The treatment of HCV correlated hepatitis is an important argument, because of the great incidence and prevalence of this disease. At the end of the Eighties, the IFN was the first substance used for HCV correlated hepatitis therapy. The IFN monotherapy with a dose of 3-6 MU for 6-12 months eradicates the infection in the 15% of cases, and cause an histological temporary improvement in a variable number of patients that keep the infection. In the following years, the research on evaluation of the efficacy of the recombinant interferons or interferons made with genetics engineering (IFN alpha 2a, IFN alpha 2b and IFN Consensus) has given results comparable with the results obtained with IFN alpha. Later, it started the experimentations with IFN associated to other substances, for example IFN-ribavirin combination therapy. The treatment IFN-Ribavirin eradicates the infection in 30% of the patients with the genotype 1b and in 60% with the genotype 2 or 3, while this treatment is less efficacious in the patients with the genotype 4. Recently, it started to use the PEG IFN. The pegylation is the combination of a polietylen-glicole molecule with the IFN molecule, so as to prolong its half-life and reduce the dose only one a week, with reduction of the collateral effects. Some studies has shown that the use of PEG-IFN in monotherapy could help the patients with advanced liver complaint. Successive studies are directed to show the efficacy of the PEG-IFN and ribavirin combination therapy. Recent researches put in evidence new substances, that could represent the future for HCV correlated hepatitis therapy. Between these substances we have to highlight the interleukin, the inhibitors of the viral multiplication and the inhibitors of IMPDH (Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase). At the beginning of 2002 has made the improvement of HCV vaccine known. Actually, in the USA there are in progress human experimentations, and the production of gamma-globuline, that could be effective to prevent the infection.