Clopidogrel is associated with better in-hospital and 30-day outcomes than ticlopidine after coronary stenting

Abstract

Background: Recent reports of fatal ticlopidine-induced blood dyscrasias have led many interventional cardiologists to administer clopidogrel instead of ticlopidine for coronary stenting. Most studies have demonstrated similar outcomes and a more favourable safety profile supporting this change in practice patterns.

Objectives: To assess the clinical outcomes in patients who received clopidogrel rather than ticlopidine after coronary stenting.

Methods: Between June 1996 and December 1998, 652 patients received a clopidogrel-based periprocedural regimen (300 mg loading dose followed by 75 mg daily in addition to acetylsalicylic acid 325 mg daily) and 1717 patients received a ticlopidine-based regimen (500 mg loading dose followed by 250 mg bid in addition to acetylsalicylic acid 325 mg daily). In-hospital and 30-day outcomes were assessed in the two groups.

Results: At 30 days, unadjusted mortality was 0.3% in the clopidogrel group versus 1.5% in the ticlopidine group, and myocardial infarction (MI) was also reduced in the clopidogrel group (4.0% versus 6.5%). No difference was found in the rate of repeat revascularization (1.4% versus 1.2%). The combination of death/MI/repeat revascularization at 30 days was reduced by 32%, an absolute difference of 2.9% (6.2% versus 9.1%). On multivariate analysis, clopidogrel was found to be an independent predictor of freedom from nonfatal MI (odds ratio [OR] 0.64, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.99, P=0.04), the composite of death or MI (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.95, P=0.03) and the composite of death/MI/revascularization (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.00, P=0.05).

Conclusion: After coronary stenting, in a large, nonrandomized, consecutive patient experience, clopidogrel appears to be associated with more favourable clinical outcomes than ticlopidine, without increasing the risk of bleeding or peripheral vascular complications.