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Review
. 1992 Sep;21(5):708-14.

The aetiopathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies

Affiliations
  • PMID: 1292408
Review

The aetiopathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies

G H Sperber. Ann Acad Med Singap. 1992 Sep.

Abstract

Craniofacial embryogenesis with emphasis on the mechanisms of morphogenesis as a basis for understanding developmental anomalies is reviewed. A classification of maldevelopment into malformation, deformation and disruption is illustrated by examples. A brief review of the clinical consequences of craniofacial anomalies and possible therapeutic modalities is undertaken.

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