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Comparative Study
. 2003 Sep;160(9):1693-6.
doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.9.1693.

Anatomic brain abnormalities in monozygotic twins discordant for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

F Xavier Castellanos  1 , Wendy S Sharp, Rebecca F Gottesman, Deanna K Greenstein, Jay N Giedd, Judith L Rapoport
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Anatomic brain abnormalities in monozygotic twins discordant for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

F Xavier Castellanos et al. Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: To examine brain-behavior relationships in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the authors obtained magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of monozygotic twins discordant for ADHD.

Method: National recruitment was followed by in-person assessment. MRI scans were measured algorithmically for nine pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for ADHD.

Results: The affected twins had significantly smaller caudate volumes (mean difference=-0.56 ml, CI=-0.92 to -0.21) than their unaffected co-twins.

Conclusions: These results provide further support for striatal models of ADHD pathophysiology.

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