[Ultrastructure and formal pathogenesis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (author's transl)]

Abstract

An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasopharynx of a 10 year old boy is analysed with light and electron microscopy. With regard to cell shape and cytoplasmic features the following four tumour cell types could be distinguished: 1. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells with a big loosely packed nucleus and a small cytoplasmic rim with only few cell organelles; 2. Undifferentiated tumour cells with a broad cytoplasmic body which contains a dense network of nonspecific intermediate filaments with a diameter of about 100 A; 3. Immature rhabdomyoblasts with randomly orientated specific myofilaments; 4. Fully differentiated rhabdomyoblasts with well developed myofibrils often showing a sarcomeric pattern. Glycogen deposits which were seen in great masses in many tumour cells were regarded to result from degenerative processes within the tumor. The cellular stages in the development of rhabdomyoblasts are basically identical to those known from the embryogenesis and regeneration of striated muscle. From these observations the two following developmental pathways are suggested: 1. Origin of the tumour from an undifferentiated mesenchymal cell; 2. Atypical regeneration of striated muscle which terminates in malignant progressive tumour growth. At present, the body of information about rhabdomyosarcomas supports the assumption of an origin from immature mesenchymal cells. Nevertheless, the second theory cannot be totally excluded.