An efficacy study of itraconazole in the treatment of Penicillium marneffei infection

Abstract

Objectives: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole in treating P. marneffei infection.

Methods: Ten patients with previously untreated P. marneffei infection were given oral itraconazole at a dose of 200 mg twice a day for 2 months, followed by a dose of 100 mg once a day for 1 month. Efficacy was determined by the clinical and microbiological cure.

Results: All but one patient were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Two patients died during therapy. Clinical improvement was evident in 8 patients. In 7 of these, the mean duration for becoming culture negative was 57 days. Five patients presented with relapse of P. marneffei infection within four months after completion of treatment.

Conclusions: Itraconazole was shown to be effective in the initial treatment of P. marneffei infection. Relapse after treatment is common and long-term suppressive therapy is recommended.