Mechanism of cross-resistance to a camptothecin analogue (CPT-11) in a human ovarian cancer cell line selected by cisplatin

Abstract

We established a cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line (HAC2/0.1) from the parent cell line (HAC2/P) by continuous exposure of HAC2/P to 0.1 microgram of cisplatin/ml. Drug sensitivity determined by colony assay revealed that HAC2/0.1 was 2.4 times as resistant to cisplatin as the parental cell line. HAC2/0.1 was 12.1 and 2.0 times as resistant to (4s)-4,11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-9-[(4-piperidinopiperidino)-carbony loxy]dione hydrochloride trithydrate (CPT-11) and 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-CPT (SN-38; an active metabolite of CPT-11), respectively, than HAC2/P. We studied the mechanism of cross-resistance to CPT-11 in HAC2/0.1. The glutathione (GSH) content was higher in HAC2/0.1 than in HAC2/P. The activity of DNA topoisomerase I and the accumulation of CPT-11 and SN-38 were also the same. On the other hand, the conversion of CPT-11 to SN-38 in HAC2/0.1 was about 3-fold less than in HAC2/P. Treatment of the parent and resistant cell lines with buthionine sulfoxamine (BSO) decreased the GSH content of both cell lines and decreased the 50% inhibitory concentrations of all the tested drugs for HAC2/0.1. The accumulation of CPT-11 in HAC2/0.1 but not in HAC2/P was increased by BSO treatment. On the other hand, in HAC2/P the 50% inhibitory concentrations of SN-38 and CPT-11 were not influenced by BSO treatment. The 50% inhibitory concentration of CPT-11 for HAC2/0.1 was not reduced by BSO treatment to the level for HAC2/P, even though the GSH content had been reduced more than in HAC2/P. These results show that there is no clear relationship between GSH and resistance to CPT-11. The decreased conversion of CPT-11 to SN-38 is considered to be the main cause of resistance to CPT-11 in this cell line.