Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to porcine group C rotaviruses cross-reactive with group A rotaviruses

Abstract

Five monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to porcine group (gp) C rotaviruses (Cowden and Ah strains) reactive with both gp A and C rotaviruses in cell culture immunofluorescence (CCIF) tests were produced and characterized. These MAbs reacted with three strains of gp A and two strains of gp C rotaviruses in a CCIF test and were classified into two groups based on their CCIF titers. The MAbs also reacted to various degrees with cell-culture-propagated porcine gp C rotavirus (Cowden) and bovine gp A rotavirus (NCDV) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by using the MAbs as capture antibodies. Fecal samples containing human, bovine, and porcine strains of gp A and C rotaviruses were positive when tested using one of the MAbs in this assay. The MAbs recognized VP6 of gp A rotavirus and the VP6 counterpart (41-kDa protein) of gp C rotavirus in a Western blot assay. Results of competitive binding assays on four MAbs indicated that gp A and gp C rotaviruses share three overlapping epitopes within a single antigenic domain. These results suggest that gp A and C rotaviruses share a common antigen located on the VP6 protein, which is recognized by certain MAbs in various serologic assays.