The structure and function of the temporomandibular joint

Abstract

Although characterised by having a synovial membrane lining the nonarticulating surfaces within the joint capsule, in some ways the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an atypical joint. This paper highlights the differences between the TMJ and other movable joints with a description of the structure, innervation blood supply and musculature. Also included are details of how the TMJ moves--the effectors of movement and the various reflexes controlling movement of the joint.