Proliferative responses and gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor production by lymphocytes isolated from tracheobroncheal lymph nodes and spleen of mice aerosol infected with Bordetella pertussis

Abstract

A group of mice was aerosol infected with live, virulent Bordetella pertussis bacteria. During a period of 7 weeks following the infection, with intervals of 1 week, lymphocytes were isolated from the tracheobroncheal lymph nodes (TBL) and the spleens (SPL) of the infected mice. The in vitro proliferative responses as well as the gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor production levels of the isolated lymphocytes in response to stimulation with whole killed B. pertussis bacteria were measured as parameters for cell-mediated immunity (CMI). The course of the infection was monitored by counting of CFU in the lungs of the mice. Moreover, antibody responses in serum against a range of B. pertussis antigens were assessed. The results showed that a vigorous proliferative response of the TBL and SPL to stimulation with whole killed B. pertussis bacteria was induced by the infection. The proliferative response of the TBL was significantly higher than the response of the SPL. The proliferative responses were maximal 3 to 4 weeks after the infection and were paralleled by in vitro gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor production upon specific stimulation. The development of the CMI was observed simultaneously with the clearance of the infection from the lungs. Antibody responses became measurable in the sera only after the infection was cleared. A specific CMI against pertussis toxin, the filamentous hemagglutinin, the 69-kDa outer membrane protein, and the agglutinogens 2 and 3, antigens which are under consideration for inclusion in future acellular pertussis vaccines, was successfully demonstrated in mice 3 weeks after the infection.