Bulky stage IB cervical carcinoma managed by primary radical hysterectomy followed by tailored radiotherapy

Abstract

The management of bulky, stage IB cervical carcinoma remains controversial. The present study reports the outcome of 84 women treated by radical hysterectomy, in which the surgical specimen revealed a lesion measured to be 4 cm or greater in size following formalin fixation. Of the 84 women, 42 (50%) received postoperative radiotherapy based on additional surgical findings beyond tumor size suggesting a high risk for pelvic recurrence including lymph node metastasis, parametrial spread, and compromised margins. Despite the bulky nature of these lesions, major operative and early postoperative complication rates were low (6%). Delayed complications including fistulae and bowel obstructions occurred in only 2.4% of patients treated with surgery alone and in 14.2% of women treated with combined therapy. Corrected 5-year survival in this series was 70.4% (75.6% in the surgery only group and 65.0% in the surgery plus radiotherapy group). Recurrence and mortality rates were related to lesion size, with most recurrences and deaths occurring in women with lesions measuring 6 cm or greater. Comparison of these data utilizing primary radical hysterectomy followed by tailored radiotherapy with previously published data on similar groups of high-risk patients treated with either radiotherapy alone or with radiotherapy followed by simple hysterectomy suggests comparable survival and morbidity.