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Review
. 2003 Sep 20;327(7416):669-72.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7416.669.

Male subfertility

Anthony Hirsh  1
Affiliations
Review

Male subfertility

Anthony Hirsh. BMJ. .

Erratum in

  • BMJ. 2003 Nov 15;327(7424):1165-a
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sperm morphology is related to the fertilising capacity by in vitro fertilisation. (A=normal sperm head; B=abnormal head; C=globozoospermia—a rare syndrome in which all sperm heads lack acrosome caps and cannot fertilise)
Figure 2
Figure 2
A simple orchidometer is a 4 cm long (20 ml) ovoid used to assess testis size in subfertile men. Normal testes are more than 4 cm and firm in consistency. Abnormal testes are soft and smaller. Both testes should be carefully examined to exclude a tumour
Figure 3
Figure 3
Autosomal Robertsonian reciprocal translocation may be associated with poor sperm quality and subfertility
Figure 4
Figure 4
Microsurgical vasovasectomy (vasectomy reversal). Using an operating microscope, the cut and often fibrosed ends of the vas deferens are dissected free from surrounding tissue and anastomosed using fine nylon sutures to re-establish patency. The small squares on the graph paper are 1 mm wide
Figure 5
Figure 5
Testicular biopsy of non-obstructive azoospermia showing Sertoli cell only syndrome with a focus of spermatogenesis. All biopsies obtained for testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia are assessed histologically because of the increased prevalence (0.4-1.1%) of carcinoma in situ in subfertile men
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Hirsh AV. Investigation and therapeutic options for infertile men presenting in assisted conception units. In: Brinsden PR, ed. In-vitro fertilisation and assisted reproduction. 2nd ed. London: Parthenon, 1999
    1. Hull MGR, Glazener CMA, Kelly NJ, Conway DI, Foster PA, Hinton RA, et al. Population study of causes, treatment, and outcome of infertility. BMJ 1985;291: 1693-7 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Evidence-based guidelines: initial investigation and management of the infertile couple. London: RCOG, 1998
    1. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Evidence-based guidelines: management of infertility in secondary care. London: RCOG, 1998 - PubMed