Spatial bridges for the importation of gonorrhea and chlamydial infection

Abstract

A study of heterosexuals with gonorrhea and/or chlamydial infection in King County, Washington, found that 5.2% of study participants had both local and geographically distant sex partners in the 60 days before diagnosis. Individuals who served as spatial bridges were of higher socioeconomic status and older than other patients.

Background: Sexual mixing between distant geographic areas (spatial bridging) is important in the spread of antimicrobial resistance and new sexually transmitted disease pathogens.

Goal: The goal was to define the extent of sexual mixing between persons with gonorrhea or chlamydial infection in King County, Washington, and persons outside the Seattle area, and to identify characteristics of persons and partnerships associated with spatial bridging.

Methods: Patients contacted for purposes of partner notification were interviewed regarding demographics, sexual behavior, and the characteristics of their sex partners.

Results: Of 2912 participants, 150 (5.2%) were spatial bridgers. Bridgers were of higher socioeconomic status than nonbridgers and more often reported concurrent partnerships. Over a 39-month period, bridgers and potential bridgers linked King County with 35 states and 13 foreign countries.

Conclusion: Spatial bridging could represent an important channel of transmission between geographic areas. These results highlight the need for linkage of prevention efforts across geographic boundaries.