Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2003 Nov;41(11):5113-20.
doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.11.5113-5120.2003.

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the United States: establishing a national database

Linda K McDougal  1 , Christine D Steward, George E Killgore, Jasmine M Chaitram, Sigrid K McAllister, Fred C Tenover
Affiliations

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the United States: establishing a national database

Linda K McDougal et al. J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Nov.

Abstract

Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) is a virulent pathogen responsible for both health care-associated and community onset disease. We used SmaI-digested genomic DNA separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to characterize 957 S. aureus isolates and establish a database of PFGE patterns. In addition to PFGE patterns of U.S. strains, the database contains patterns of representative epidemic-type strains from the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia; previously described ORSA clonal-type isolates; 13 vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) isolates, and two high-level vancomycin-resistant, vanA-positive strains (VRSA). Among the isolates from the United States, we identified eight lineages, designated as pulsed-field types (PFTs) USA100 through USA800, seven of which included both ORSA and oxacillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates. With the exception of the PFT pairs USA100 and USA800, and USA300 and USA500, each of the PFTs had a unique multilocus sequence type and spa type motif. The USA100 PFT, previously designated as the New York/Tokyo clone, was the most common PFT in the database, representing 44% of the ORSA isolates. USA100 isolates were typically multiresistant and included all but one of the U.S. VISA strains and both VRSA isolates. Multiresistant ORSA isolates from the USA200, -500, and -600 PFTs have PFGE patterns similar to those of previously described epidemic strains from Europe and Australia. The USA300 and -400 PFTs contained community isolates resistant only to beta-lactam drugs and erythromycin. Noticeably absent from the U.S. database were isolates with the previously described Brazilian and EMRSA15 PFGE patterns. These data suggest that there are a limited number of ORSA genotypes present in the United States.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Dendrogram of PFTs with type strain (most frequent pattern) and a variant strain. Also shown is the corresponding MLST for each PFT (18, 19, 20).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Aires de Sousa, M., H. de Lencastre, I. Santos Sanches, K. Kikuchi, K. Totsuka, and A. Tomasz. 2000. Similarity of antibiotic resistance patterns and molecular typing properties of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates widely spread in hospitals in New York City and in a hospital in Tokyo, Japan. Microb. Drug Resist. 6:253-258. - PubMed
    1. Aires de Sousa, M., M. Miragaia, I. Santos Sanches, S. Ávila, I. Adamson, S. T. Casagrande, M. C. C. Brandileone, R. Palacio, L. Dell'Acqua, M. Hortal, T. Camou, A. Rossi, M. E. Velazquez-Meza, G. Echaniz-Aviles, F. Solorzano-Santos, I. Heitmann, and H. de Lencastre. 2001. Three-year assessment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones in Latin America from 1996 to 1998. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:2197-2205. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Aucken, H. M., M. Ganner, S. Murchan, B. D. Cookson, and A. P. Johnson. 2002. A new UK strain of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA-17) resistant to multiple antibiotics. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 50:171-175. - PubMed
    1. Bannerman, T. L., G. A. Hancook, F. C. Tenover, and J. M. Miller. 1995. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis as a replacement for bacteriophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:551-555. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1997. Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin—United States, 1997. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 46:765-766. - PubMed

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources